Lifestyle change best treatment for heartburn, GERD

Too many of us are familiar with the discomfort of heartburn symptoms — especially this time of year when overeating and rich foods can cause our digestive systems to rebel.

You may suffer from heartburn if you occasionally have symptoms such as chest pain after eating, a feeling of food "sticking" in your throat or chest, difficulty swallowing, a burning feeling in your chest or throat, or a sour or acidic taste in the back of your throat. Though uncomfortable, these symptoms are usually manageable with over-the-counter antacids.

While occasional heartburn is common, it can be a sign of something more serious if symptoms persist for prolonged periods. If you experience heartburn regularly (more than two or three days a week for several months), you may have gastro-esophageal reflux disease, or GERD.

GERD, also commonly called acid reflux disease, is a chronic condition that occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter (the valve separating the esophagus and stomach) does not close properly, allowing acid to back up into the esophagus. This condition is not only painful, but can cause further, more serious medical problems such as esophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus) or even esophageal cancer if left untreated.

The treatment for GERD is similar to the treatment for heartburn. Lifestyle changes have proven to be very effective in treating both occasional heartburn and more severe GERD symptoms.

If you are overweight, losing weight can greatly reduce heartburn and/or GERD symptoms, as excess weight can put too much strain on your digestive system. Avoid fatty or acidic foods (such as tomatoes and citrus fruits), and avoid eating anything right before bed time. Smoking and excess alcohol consumption can also increase instances of heartburn and GERD flare-ups, as can regularly drinking caffeinated beverages.

For treating occasional heartburn, over-the-counter antacids such as Tums or Maalox work with varying degrees of speed and strength. You may have to try more than one type or brand to find one that's right for you.

Over-the-counter medicines are also available that actually block or reduce acid production. These products are either histamine-2 blockers (such as Pepcid-AC) or proton pump inhibitors (such as Prilosec). These medications can prove very effective in treating some people's symptoms, but always discuss any medications you plan to take on a regular basis with your physician.

If your heartburn persists and over-the-counter medications and lifestyle changes remain ineffective, be sure to make an appointment with your doctor to discuss your symptoms and to evaluate whether further treatment is needed.

? Nikki Luttmann is a community development specialist atBonner General Hospital.